Mössbauer spectroscopy is a technique used to study the properties of materials by measuring the absorption of gamma rays emitted by a radioactive source. This spectroscopic method is particularly useful in characterizing the chemical, structural, and magnetic properties of materials at the atomic level. Mössbauer spectroscopy is commonly used in various fields of research, including physics, chemistry, material science, and biology. It provides valuable information about the local environment of nuclei in a material, such as their oxidation state, coordination geometry, and magnetic interactions. The technique is named after the German physicist Rudolf Mössbauer, who discovered the phenomenon in the 1950s, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1961.